Carbon-consuming means for coke ovens



1. VAN ACKEREN. CARBON CONSUMING MEANS FOR COKE OVENS.

APPLICATION FILED JAN. 5 1920.

Patented Mar. 28, 1922.

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APPLICATION FILED JAN. 5. 1920.

Il IUNIIHHIIIInIIIH llhllll Patented Mar. 28, 1922.v

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J. VAN ACKEREN. CARBON CONSUMING MEANS FOR COKE OVENS.

APPLICATION FILED lIAN. 5A |920.

J. VAN ACKEREN.

CARBON CONSUMING MEANS FOR COKE OVENS.

APPLlcAnoN msu 1MM, 1920. 1,410,783.

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J. VAN ACKEREN.

CARBON coNsUMlNG MEANS FOR COKE ovENs.

APPLICATION FILED JAN.5, 1920.

5 SHEETS-SHEET 5- Patented Mar. 28, 1922.

UNITED si" PATENT OFFICE.

JOSEPH VAN ACKEREN, OF PITTSBURGH, PENNSYLVANIA, ASSIGNOR TO THE KOPPERS COll/IIANY, 0F PITTSBURGH, PENNSYLVANIA, A CORPORATION OF PENNSYLVANIA.

4`CABLBON-CONSUMING MEANS FOR COKE OVENS.

i Specification of Letters Patent. Patented Mar, 28, 19,22,`

Application filed January 5, 1920. Serial No. 349,577.

To allzu/om t may concern."

Be it known that I, JOSEPH van AoiinnnN, a citizen of the United States, residing in Pittsburgh, in the county of Allegheny and State of Pennsylvania, have invented a nen7 and' useful Improvement in Carbon-ConsumingV Means for Coke Ovens, of which the following is a specification.

rThis invention relatesl to coke ovens, more particularly toA coke ovens of the by-product type, and has for its primary'object to provide a novel and highly eiiicient means for burning out the carbon deposits that accumulate in the gas passages and nozzles which supply fuel gas to the heating lues contiguous to the coking chambers of the lant.

Vith the above object and other objects in View, such as are found to obtain in the improvements in construction and' operation hereinafter set forth, the invention consists in certain novel constructions, arrangements,

and'combination oi parts Vand inst-rumentalities pointed out in the claims at the end ol? the specification.Y

ln the accompanying drawings, forming Aa part oill this specification, and showing, for purposes of exemplilie'ation, a preferred form and manner in which the invention may be embodied and practiced, but Without limiting the claimed invention specifically to such illustrative instance or instances Figure l is a fragmentary side elevational view of a coking plant or the by-product type, equipped with improvements constructed in accordance with the present invention. p

Figure 2 is a vertical sectional elevation of the saine, taken substantially in a plane indicated. bythe line 2-2 of Figure l.

Figure 3 is an enlarged side sectional elevation of the construction illustrated in Figures l and 2.

Figure 4 is an enlarged vertical sectional elevation taken substantially in the same plane las Figure 2.

Figure 5 is an enlarged side sectional elevation similar to Figure 3, but illustrating a modified construction. y Y Y Figure 6 is a vertical sectional elevation taken in a plane indicated by the line 6-6 of VFigure 5.

Like characters of reference designate lik parts throughout the several views In its present embodiment, the invention is incorporated in a colring plant of the Well v known Koppers cross regenerative type, exemplified in the patent to H. Koppers No. 818,038, dated April 17, 1906, and other loppers patents. For convenience the rpresent description will be conlined to this embodiment and use'of-the invention; it will be understood, however, that the invention is readily susceptible of other valuable applications and that its scope is by no means confined to the specific use and specific embodiment herein described as an illustrative example.

The Well known Koppers cross regenerative by-product coling plant embodies in its construction a plurality of the usual cross-Wise extending coking chambers Which alternate With cross-Wise extending heating Walls, eac-h heating Wall 21 being provided with a plurality of heating lues or vertical flame lues 22, as indicated in Figure 2. Be-

neatl'i the heating Walls 21 and parallel' therewith are the usual cross regenei'ators indicated diagrammatically at 23 in Figure 1, there being the usual arrangement of a pair or suchvcross regenerators companion Yto each cross-'Wise extending heating Wall 21.

The regenerators communicate With the heating iues of their companion heating Walls by means of the usual short ducts or ports and function to take up the heat of the gases outlowing from the heating lflues of the aforesaid heating Walls andimpart such heat to the outside air in-flowing through the regenerators to the heating lues to augment the flame temperature of the gas burning in the heating flues in which combustion is taking place.

The inlets to the heating lues or flame :dues 22 are located at their respective bot* toms and at each inlet there is provided a short fuel gas duct 24 equipped with a suitable gas nozzle 25, through which the inowing fuel gas passes into the heating iiues. Extending cross-Wise `from the opposite Vsides 01"' the coking plant or battery are gas channels 26, there being a pair of such 'channels arranged approximately end to end for each heating Wall. The several heating fiues of each heating Wall are connected at their -top outlets by a common out-flow channel;

' channels 26, Whereas the gas ducts 24 oi the heating ilues on the opposite side of the coke oven battery lead from the other member'of said gas channels 26. Communicating wlth the inlets of the gas channels on the opposite sides of the coke oven battery are gas.- guns 27 the series of gas-guns 27 on each side of the battery are supplied with gas from the usual gas main extending longitudinally along each side of the battery. Y

In the operation of a coke oven battery of the type above speefed, the severalr heating Hues along one side of tha-battery are supplied with fuel gas and combustion sup, rting air for a period of time determined by) the `ty of `practical. operation, While,- th fuel gas and air is shut off from the several heating flues along the opposite side of the` battery. The products of combustion pass out ofthe i 'ted heating ilues into the out-dow channe s abovefthem and thene HDW downwardly through the heating flueslon the opposite side of the coke oven battery, on which thc su ply of as and air Cut olf. At the end o a perio of operation in this manner, a reversal takes p ace and the supply of gas and air is shut off from the previously ignited heating lues on one side of the battery and concurrently such sup ly is permitted to How into the heating Iliies along the opposite side of the battery, that previously vfunctioned as outflow. passages. for the exhaust gases. Thus, the heatingilues along each side of the battery function alternatelyl ascombustion chambers and as exhaust gasliues. Suitable means lis provided in coking plants of the type herein described for opening up the supply of fuel to the series of-gas-guns of one` sideof the battery and. for concurrently cutting off the supply from the series of gas-.gunaon the opposite side of the battery at the timeof reversal, said means being of the usual t pe operable from a central station and a apted to control all of the gasguns simultaneously. l

The several cross regenerators extending inwardly along each sidey of the batteryr function alternately, as stated above, to take up the heat from the out-flowing exhaust ases and to impart such heat to the inowing air. Provision is made for alternately establishing communication between the several r erators and an air supply and for ,estglilshing communication between such regeneratorsLY and a stack or other suitable exhaust through which the spent gases may pass into the atmosphere. The reversal offlow throughthe regenerators takes place concurrently with the reversal af fuel supply to the heating chambers hereinabove set forth, and the air supplyis conneeted with those regenerators leading to the ignited heating flues, whereas the stacklor exhaust is connected with the regenerators along the opposite side of the battery and ne cted regenerators.

receivin the out-flow of exhaust gases from the outow operati heating flues. It will be understood that n51e regenerators are of the usual construction comprising bay shaped chambers filled with checker brick.

Communicating with each regenerator is an air box 28; in the arrangement shown the air boxes ot' the several regcnerators are located in rows disposed on opposite sides of the coke oven battery. Each air box is conveniently in the form of a receptacle supported beyond the side wall of the coke oven battery and having three main ports: a port 29 opening .into its companion.1-egenerator, a port 30 opening into the outer air and a port 3l opening` into the usual stack conduit. A lid32 is provided for opening and closing the air port 30 of euch air box and said lid is mounted on the arm 33 of a bell crank pivoted at 34 on a bracket 35 secured to theair box. The arms 36 of the bell cranks of the several air boxes on each side of the battery are pivoted at their upper end to Sleeves 3T carried by the reversin cables 38, there being such a cable extending along each side of the battery. On movement of the cable in one direction the bell cranks of the several air boxes on the same side of the battery are operated to open the lids 3Q and thereby to admitair into the air boxes and their con- Such opening movement of the lids ofthe air boxes on one side ot ther battery is accompanied by a concurrent movement of the reversing cable on the opposite side of the battery, but in the opposite direction to close the lids of the several air boxes which it controls. The coking .plant is equipped with suitable mechanism for opening and closing the stack conduits communicating with the series of air boxes on the opposite sides Vof the battery. In the operation of the plant, the opening of a stack conduit takes place concurrently with the closing of the air ports of the several air boxes with which such stack conduit is connected, so that the operation of reversal by movement of the above described reveisinar cable has the effect of placing all the air boxes on one side ot' the battery in comunication withthe outer air and out of communication with the stack, and all the air boxes on the opposite sides ofthe battery in' communication with the stack and closed to the outer air. Pivotally mounted Within eachairbex is the usual butterfly valve 39 mounted on a shaft 40 and provided with the usual adjusting segment 4l. The butterfly valve of the several air boxes are adjusted by operation of their segments 41 in the usual way to regulate the draft; through the regenerators to the stack.

The above is a brief outline of the construction and mode of operation of a coke oven battery of the well known Koppers cross regenerator type. It will be understood that The present invention relates to an im-` proved and efficient means for burning out the deposited carbon that accumulates in the.

fuel gas nozzles and gas supply passages of the several heating flues during the ignition period and utilizes a proportion of the exhaust gas to burn out this carbon. The exhaust gas passing through-the heating llues, When operating as out-flow passages contains a suticicnt percentage of a medium such as air to unite with the carbon that has accumulated in the nozzles and gas passages during the previous period of ignition. By utilizing hot exhaust gas to burn out the carbon the tedious and difficult manual operation of cleaning the nozzles and gas passages, which would otherwise become clogged, is entirely eliminated. Furthermore, the carbon removing operation is effected Without any interruption in the operation of the oven whatsoever and Without any appreciable loss of heat.

Communicating With each fuel gas supply channel 26 is an exhaust gas passage 42 formed in eachv pillar Wall 43 between a pair of 'adjacent regenerators. In accordance with the invention a proportion of the exliaustgas from the several heating flues communicating with each gas channel 26 is adapted to pass out through the several channels 42 ivhen said heating ilues are being operated as out-flow passages for the exhaust gas. This results in causing the exhaust gas to pass through the gas ducts 24, nozzles 25, and gas channels 26 of the out-flow operatingl heatingjllues and in so doing the hot exhaust gas unites With and burns out the carbon that has accumulated in the ducts, nozzles and channels.

ln order to provide a sullicient draught for effecting the passage of the exhaust gases through the exhaust gas passages 42 controlled-valve means is provided for establishing communication between said passages 42 and the several air boxes 28vvhen the latterv tion illustrated in Figures l to 4 -inclusive;

the discharge endsof the exhaust gas passages 42 communicate with the inner open ends of exhaust gas guns 44 respectively supported by the ypairs of vertical buck stays 45 mounted in front of the pillar Walls and having their inner ends projected into'the enlarget'l discharge ends .of the exhaust gas passages. as shown more particularly in Figure 4. The outer ends of the respective exhaust gas guns 44 are closed by removable covers 46. Adjacent the outer end of each exhaust gun is formed a depending valve casing 47 Within which projects a vertically slidable valve stem 48 having a head 49 adapted to seat over the upper end of the valve casing 47 to prevent the stem 48 is chaiinelled, as shown at 50, to permit the passage of exhaust gas through the valve casing when the valve is open. The valve stems 48 of the several exhaust gas guns `44 project through bearings 5l formed in the top thereof and are provided with vertically extending slots 52.

According to the invention7 the control of the operation ofthe valve in the exhaust gas guns is effected simultaneously with the reversal of direction of flovv through the regenerators and by the same poiver connections.. Pivotedat one end to eac-h of the collars 37 on the air reversing cable 38 are links 53. the other ends of which are respectively pivoted to the arms 54 of bell crank levers pivoted at 55 on the several exhaust gas guns. The other arms 56 of said bell crank levers are adapted respectively to enter the slots 52 of the companion valve stems 48 and are provided with rollers 57 respectively adapted to' engage the top and bottom faces of said slots, as shown in Figure 3. `With this construction on movement of the reversing cable toward the right, as indicated by dotted lines in Figure 3, the motion ot' the cable is transmitted through the several links and bell cranks 54 to shift the Avalve stems 48 downwardly and engage the valve heads 49 on the seats at the upper end of the valve casings, thereby closing the valves. The valve closing movement takes places concurrently ivith the movement of the reversing cable 38 to open the lids 32 of the air boxes. The movement of the reversing cable 38 to close the lids `of the air boxes, through the connections hereinabove described operates to lift the valve heads off their seats and open up the valve casings to the several exhaust gas guns. manually operable control valves 59 connect the respective valve casings 47 with the air boxes 28. vWhen the valves are open the exhaust gases pass through said pipings to the sei'feral air boxes and thence flovv out to the stack. The flow may be controlled by adjusting the valves 59.

ln the modified form of the invention illustrated in Figures 5 and 6. the principle of operation is substantially the same as that which has been hereinbefore described. Pipes 60, however, connect the exhaust gas guns Ltl-With valve casings 61 which are in turn connected by pipes 62 with the several air boxes. The manually adjustable passage ofV gas through the valve casing when the valve -is closed. Beneath the head 49 the valve Pipings 58 provided with control valves 63 are incorporated in the first mentioned pipes 60. Formed in each valve casing 6l is a seat 64 having a cencable 38 to the several valves 68 to close the same,` and the reverse movement of said cable to saidvalves to open the same.

In both forms of the invention illustrated in the drawings,v the pipe. connections leading from the valves 47 and 61 of the exhaust gas passages 42, are connected with the respect-ive air boxes beneath the pivotal axis of the butterfly valves 39 within said air boxes in order to secure the full stack pull on the relatively indirect and tortuous exhaust gas passages of the de-carbonizing means. The suction through the exhaust gas passages 42 may be adjusted by manipulation of the valves 59 or 63, as the passages 42 are beyond the'draft regulation afforded by adjustment of the butterfly valves. 39. Thus the draft control thronghthe exhaust passages 42 is entirely independent and beyond the draft control through the regenerators. In practice, it will be found desirable to manipulate the adjusting valves 59 or 63', in such manner that the adjusting valves nearest to the stack are more vnearly closed than those farthest from the stack` and such an adjustment of the'valves will insure the properl distribution of the draft in the several exhaust gas passages of the oven battery.

The invention as hereinabove set forth is embodied in a particular form of'construction, but may be variously embodied within the-scope of the claims hereinafter made.

What is claimed is:

1. In a coke oven having coking chambers, heating flues 'contiguous thereto operable alternately for in-fiow and for `outflow, regenerators communicably connected with said" heating ues, fuel-gas supply passages and nozzles communicating with the inlets of said heating lues anddevices for periodically reversing the direction of ow throughthe regenerators and fiues, combined with the improvement characterized byV exhaust passages leading directly from saidv flues independently of the regenerators, andeontrolled-valve means operatively con` nected with said exhaust passages for rmitting a portion of the out-How from the fines topass through the fuel-gas passages and nozzlesy and through said exhaust pas- :agc--, to consume carbon deposited in said gas passages and said nozzles durin the previous burning operation; substantie as specified. i

ln a cokeovenl having coking chambers, heating ues contiguous thereto operable alternately for in-iow and fonoutflow, regenerators' communicably connected with said heating lines, fuel-gas supply passages communicating with the inlets of said heating flues, and devices for periodically reversing the direction of How throu h the regenerators and flues. combined wit the improvement characterized by exhaust passages leading directly from said fines independently of the regenerators, and controlvalve means operatively connected with said ,exhaust passages for permitting a portion of the out-flow from the iiues to pass directly through the fuel-gas passages and be drawn through said exhaust passages, to consume carbon deposited in said fuel-gas passages durin the previous burning operation; substantially as speciiied.

3. In a coke oven having coking chambers, heating ues contiguous thereto o rable alternately for in-low and for outow, regenerators communicably connected with said heating flues, fuel-gas supply passages communicating with the inlets of Said heatingfiues and devices for periodically reversling the direction of How through the regenerators and fines, combined with the improvement characterized by means for withdrawing a portion of the out-flow from the fines directly through said fuel-gas passages and independently of the How through the regenerators, to consume carbon deposited in said gas passages during the previous bu'ning operation; substantially as specifie 4. In a coke oven, in combination: coking chambers; heating flues contiguous thereto operable alternately for in-How and for outflow; regenerators communicating with said heating iues and adapted to be operatedk in alternation to take up the heat of the outiow and im art it to the in-ovv; combustible-gas supp y passages communicating with the inlets of said heating flues; reversible valve n'reans for permitting a feed of gas to the gas Supply passages of the in-flo'w operating heating lues and for concurrently shutting of the gas feed from the passages of the `out-How o erating heating fines; air boxes connected) with saidy regeneratcrs; a stack for the out-flow, communicating with said air boxes; means for reversing the flow through said regenerators, embodying, valve connections for ermitting the outer air to flow into the air xes and regenerators connected with the in-fiow operating heating lues and for concurrently connecting with the stack the air boxes and regenerators connested With the out-'flow operating heating fines; exhaust-gas passages adapted to connect the gas passages directly with said airv boxes; and valve means interposed between said exhaust passages and the air boxes, and operable conjointly with the reverse of flow through the regenerators, for permitting a portion of the out-flow to pass through the gas passages directly to the air boxes, to ron sume carbon deposited in said gas passages during the previous burning operation; substantially as specified.

5. In a coke oven having colring chambers, heating flues contiguous thereto operable alternately for iii-flow and out-flow, regenerators conirnunicably connected With said heating fines, fuel-gas supply passages communicating with the inlets Vof said heating Vflues,

land devices for periodically reversing the directionof liow through the regenerators and flues, combined With the improvement characterized by means operable conJointly with said reversing devices for With-'drawing a portion of the out-iiow from the fines directly through said rfuel-gas passages and independently of the flow through the regen'era tors, to consume carbon deposited in said fuel-gas passages during the previous burn` ing operation; substantially as specified.

' 6. In a coke oven in combination: colring chambers; heating fines contiguous thereto operable alternately for in-flow and for out- How; regenerators communicating with said heating fines and adapted to be operated'in `alternation to take up the heat 'of the outnow and impart it to the in-iiovv; combustithe out-How also connected With said regenerators; means for reversing the flow through said regenerators; and means, operable conjointly with the reversal of flow through the regenerators, for permitting a portion of the out-flow to pass from the gas passages and nozzles directly to the stack connection With the out-flow operating regenerators, to consume carbon deposited in said gas passages and nozzles during the previous burning operation; substantially as specified.

7. In coke oven, in combination regenerators; heating lines; fuel passages communieating With the heating iiues independently of the regenerators; and means for admitting exhaust gas from said heating flues` di rectly` into said fuel passages to 4consume carbon deposited therein; substantially as specified.

8. ln a coke oven battery, the combination- With the heating fines, the fuel passages communicating with said heating fiues, the regenerators communicably connected With said heating flues independently of said fuel passages, and-means for reversing the burning operation of said battery, of means for admitting exhaust gas from the heating flues i generators communicably connected With said heating flues independently of said fuel passages, and means for reversing the burning operation of' said battery, of means for admitting exhaust gas from the heating iues into said fuel passages to consume carbon deposited therein, and means for opening such exhaust gas supply to the fuel passages on one side of the battery When the fuel-supply is shut oii' on the same side; substantially as specied.

JOSEPH van ACKEREN. 

